Rural child labor in a village in Fayoum Governorate

 The main objective of the study is to identify the phenomenon of rural child labor in a village in Fayoum governorate by achieving the following sub-goals: 1- identify the causes of rural child labor in the study area. 2. Identifying the nature and conditions of work of rural children. 3- Study the satisfaction of rural children with work, and the variables associated with it. 4- Study the variables related to the dropping out of the study of the working child. 5. Identifying the positive and negative effects of rural child labor. 6. Special recommendations to reduce the phenomenon of rural child labor in light of the results of the study.
A center from the governorate centers was chosen randomly, where the choice fell on the Ibshway center, and the highest village in the center was chosen, in terms of the number of working children, so it was the village of Shakshuk.
This sample includes all working children between the ages of 7-18 years, and an inventory of all working children in the village, whether agricultural or non-agricultural, working with their families or others, Where this inventory was made with the help of some informants in the village under study Informants.
It is reported that 250 children are working in the village of Shkshuk. Although this is relatively small, which necessitates collecting data from this total, the conditions of these children working elsewhere are far from the village, in addition to the spread of the new coronavirus pandemic during the data collection period. In addition to severe procedural difficulties in collecting research data from children, it has prevented the possibility of collecting research data from including working children.  So a regular random sample of all children working in Shkshuk was drawn using the formula Kargisi and Morgan, a sample of 138 working children and raised in reserve to 140 working children.
A questionnaire designed to achieve the objectives of the study was prepared and then the data was collected employing a questionnaire interview with the research staff, and then a manual was created to encode the data, then manually uncode it and then put it into the computer in preparation for the statistical analysis.
To achieve the study's objectives, more than one statistical analysis was used, using descriptive statistical methods such as percentages, mean, standard deviation, and frequency distribution tables, as well as the Kay-box test, the Chipper coefficient.
The main results were:
It was found that there is a significant relationship at the probability level 0.01 between the satisfaction of working children with work, and the following variables: gender, the field of work, school regularity, educational level, feeling exhausted at work, obtaining a wage, and satisfaction with the wage, and a significant relationship was found. At the 0.05 probabilistic level between the working children's satisfaction with work and the following variables: exposure to punishment during work and the number of working hours. , health status, feeling at risk at work, the incidence of injuries at work, and duration of the weekly leave.
- It was found that there was a significant relationship at the 0.01 probabilistic level between working children dropping out of school, and the following variables: field of work, job satisfaction, and the occurrence of conflicts. And it was not clear that there was a significant relationship at the 0.05 probabilistic level between the dropout of working children from the study, and the following variables: gender, age at the start of work, the employer, occupation of the head of the household, and the size of the family.