Document Type : Research articles.
Author
Botany Dept., Fac. Agric., Fayoum University, Egypt
Abstract
This work aimed to investigate the influence of different
levels of bean seed quality on germinability (laboratory study),
growth, yield and its components (green pod and dry seed yield)
under field conditions. To achieve this study, the seed lot of bean
(cv. Giza 3) was manually separated into three classes; light
(33.79-38.02g 100-1 seeds; in 2005 season) and (34.39-37.13g 100-
1seeds; in 2006 season); ungraded (37.70-42.85g 100-1 seeds; in
2005 season) and (40.02-49.81g 100-1seeds; in 2006 season) and
heavy (47.20-57.60g 100-1 seeds; in 2005 season) and (48.75-
57.13g 100-1 seeds; in 2006 season). Under field conditions, seeds
of bean were sown during two summer successive seasons of 2005
and 2006 at the experimental station, Faculty of Agriculture,
Fayoum University, Egypt. The obtained data could be
summarized as follows:
High-weight class of bean seeds usually exhibited faster and
more uniform rates of radicle emergence (as indicator of
germination) than low-weight and ungraded ones. Seedling
produced from heavier seeds had greater rates of QI, VI, length of
radical hypocotyl and accumulation of fresh and dry weights than
those from light seeds. The water uptake%, EC and the quantity of
materials leached from the seed (Na, K, Pi, sugars, free amino
acids and Ao260 and Ao280 absorbing materials) during imbibition
were inversely related to seed weight. It is suggesting that
interferences existed during seed development or deterioration had
occurred in the low weight seed.
It can be noticed that seed quality of bean significantly
affected field performance of bean plants and resulted in an
increase of the studied plant growth traits (plant height, No. of
leaves, No. of branches, leaf area leaf-1, leaf area plant-1, fresh and
dry weights of leaves plant-1, fresh and dry weights of branches
plant-1, and total fresh and dry weights of shoot plant-1) with
increasing the level of seed quality class. It can be seen that there
was a close relation between seed quality of bean and green pods
yield and its components. In this respect, No. of green pods plant-1,
weight of green pod, green pod yield plant-1 and feddan-1 were
increased as seed quality class was increased. It was found that
bean dry seed yield and its components; empty and seeded pods
plant-1, total No. of pods plant-1, grades of dry seeded pods, No. of
seeds plant-1, seed yield plant-1 and feddan-1 and seed index (100-
seed weight) was positively correlated with the class of sown
seeds, the seeds which gave plants with high yield of dry seeds
and its components were high in their quality and vice versa. It
was shown that seed quality class markedly affected chemical
constituents concentration of the different organs of bean plants
produced from the different seed classes. In this respect, the high
seed quality class significantly increased total sugars (total soluble
carbohydrates in dry seeds), protein, N, P, K, Fe, Mn and Zn in
leaves, green pods and dry seeds over that of light and ungraded
seed classes.
Finally, in the light of the preceding results, it may be
concluded that the results obtained suggest that the weight-seed
separation of bean may enable for significantly improved
germination and seedling growth. Also, high quality bean seeds to
exhibit higher percent field performance and resulted in uniformity
and establishment which reflected in high green pods and dry seed
yield of bean either plant or feddan-1. Thus, it concluded that it is
likely that farmers by sowing seeds of high seed quality, will
obtain yield increases of bean (green pods and dry seed).
Keywords
)
View on SCiNiTO