FUMIGANT TOXICITY OF ESSENTIAL OILS AND THEIR COMBINATIONS TOWARDS Sitophilus oryzae (L.), Tribolium confusum (J. du Val), AND Callosobruchus maculates (FABR.)

Document Type : Research articles.

Author

Department of Economic Entomology & Pesticides, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Egypt

Abstract

This study examined the fumigant efficacy of seven essential oils
from rosemary, caraway, coriander, thyme, dill, camphor and basil
against the adult of Sitophilus oryzae (L.), Tribolium confusum (J. du
Val) and Callosobruchus maculates (Fabr.). The rosemary and caraway
oil showed the highest fumigant efficacy against the rice weevil at a
concentration of LC50 (26 µl/l air) and (38 µl/l air), respectively.
Rosemary (19 µl/l air) and coriander (23 µl/l air), had potent fumigant
activities against the T. confusum. The caraway and rosemary were the
most effective against C. maculates at LC50 (19 µl/l air) and LC50 (25
µl/l air) respectively. In conclusion rosemary and caraway showed
strong fumigant toxicity to the S. oryzae, T. confusum and C.
maculates. However, thyme and coriander had a lower fumigant
activity than rosemary to insects. On the other hand, camphor, dill and
basil also showed promising fumigant toxicities on the insects. The
toxicity of the essential oils in combination (21 combinations) was
investigated. The results obtained indicate that the mixture (caraway +
coriander) was the most toxic to the S. oryzae and T. confusum with
synergic category 86 and 71.6, respectively. Whereas the mixture
(caraway + camphor) was the most toxic to the C. maculates with
synergic category 71.2. Therefore, rosemary and other natural volatiles
could be safe fumigants to control stored-grain insect pests, and can be
used in the IPM programmes.

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