ANALYSIS OF INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL DIMENSIONS OF NILE RIVER PROBLEM IN EGYPT

Document Type : Research articles.

Abstract

The research uses the “SWOT Analysis” to identify the strengths, the
weaknesses, the opportunities and the threats in order to achieve environmental,
socioeconomic, and political sustainability of water in Egypt. The research was
conducted on a number of groups that have a relationship with water, such as
researchers in the field of water and agricultural, farmers and ordinary people from
the community on the basis that the use of water is not exclusive to an individual or
group.
The total sample represented by 200 researched from the above-mentioned
categories, it has been polling their opinion on the internal strengths and weaknesses to address the problem of water in Egypt, as well as the external opportunities and
threats related to this issue, the most important results were as follows:
- For the environmental sustainability: the main internal strength identified by the
possibility of the use of modern irrigation systems in the desert and the external
opportunity in the field of improvement irrigation and drainage. The weakness
was recognize by the high levels of pollution and poor crop patterns, last the most
important threat was the climate change and its negative impact on production
and productivity.
- For the economic sustainability: the most important strength identified by the
presence of Egyptian Scientific Institutions specialized in water resources
management, and the opportunity was the continued of World Bank support to the
Nile Basin Initiative projects. While the weakness was represented by high costs
of implementing the modern irrigation system and the most important threat was
the rising of food prices at the global level.
- For the social sustainability: the most important strengths recognized by the
presence of a high qualified research staff, and the external opportunity was the
training of the Nile river technician in the Egyptian training centers. While the
most important external weakness was the fast increase of population, and the
threat was characterized by the corrupt regimes dominate the Nile Basin
countries.
- For the political sustainability: the main strength identified by the excellence
strategic status of Egypt at regional and African levels, while the opportunity was
to intervene to address the conflicts and political conflicts between the Nile Basin
countries. Although the main weakness was the poor Egyptian role in Africa in
the last years and the most important threat was the Israel's presence in the Nile
Basin countries.
An action plan was set through the found results to deal with the problem of
water in Egypt, which includes several mechanisms, either internally or externally, in
order to achieve environmental, socioeconomic, and political sustainability of water
in Egypt.



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