IRRIGATION SCHEDULINGTO INCREASE WATER UNIT PRODUCTIVITY OF WHEAT-MAIZE ROTATION UNDER CLIMATE CHANGE CONDITIONS

Document Type : Research articles.

Authors

1 Water Requirements and Field Irrigation Research Department; Soil, Water, and Environment Research Institute; Agricultural Research Center; Egypt.

2 Metrology and Astronomy Department; Collage of Science, Al Azhar University, Egypt.

Abstract

Irrigation scheduling according to comulated pan evaporation
was used to increase water unit productivity of wheat (Triticum
aestivum L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) rotation under two climate change
scenarios. Three wheat varieties and two maize hybrids were planted in
2-yr field experiments. CropSyst model was calibrated and validated for
the collected field data, then was used to assess the impact of two
climate change scenarios (A2 and B2) and three adaptation strategies
(early sowing changing, irrigation schedule and the interaction between
them) in the year of 2038s. The results revealed that A2 reduced yield
more than B2 scenario for both crops. High yield reduction in wheatmaize rotation could be expected under climate change conditions,
where wheat and maize yield will be reduced by an average of 41 and
56%, respectively. The most effective adaptation strategy for wheat was
sowing 3 wk earlier and irrigation every 21 d, with irrigation water
saving and no yield improvement under A2 scenario in both growing
seasons. Whereas under B2 scenario yield improvement by 2%
occurred with 3% saving in the applied irrigation water in the 1st
growing season and in the 2nd growing season yield could improved by
8% with less than 1% increase in the applied irrigation water and higher
water productivity. Changing irrigation schedule was an effective
adaptation option for maize, where yield improvement could occur
under both climate change scenarios in both growing seasons by up to
9% with less than 3% increase in the applied irrigation water and higher
water productivity.

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