USING BISM MODEL TO CALCULATE WATER REQUIREMENTS FOR SOME VEGETABLE CROPS IN EGYPT

Document Type : Research articles.

Authors

1 Water Requirement and Field Irrigation Department

2 Environment Research Institute - Agricultural Research Center - Egypt

Abstract

Agriculture water demand is one of the serious pressures on water
sector in Egypt, since 85% of total available water is consumed in
agriculture and most of the on-farm irrigation systems are low efficient
coupled with poor irrigation management. The objective of this paper is to
calculate water requirements for 12 vegetable crops grown in 17
Governorates in Egypt. These crops were cabbage, celery (winter and
summer), spinach, potates (winter and summer), carrot (winter and
summer), cucumber (winter and summer), pepper (winter and summer),
strawberry, eggplant (winter and summer), tomato (winter and summer),
sweet melon and artichoke. BISm model was used to calculate
evapotranspiration, crop factor and crop evapotranspiration for each crop in
each Governorate. The BISm application calculates ET using the PenmanMonteith equation, water requirement for each crop was calculated under
surface irrigation with application efficiency 60%. The results showed that
using BISm to calculate water requirements of some vegetable crops in
Egypt were low values in the Nile Delta Governorates, in the other hand, its
started to increase as we go to south (Middle and Upper Egypt), these
results could be useful for farmers, extension workers and large farms
produce vegetables for export. Large applied amount of irrigation water to
vegetables could negatively affect quality. Thus, it is very important to
calculate water requirements for important crops, such as vegetable crops.

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