Document Type : Research articles.
Authors
1
Sugar crops pests & diseases Research Department
2
Varieties Maintenance Research Department, Sugar Crops Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Giza 12619, Egypt.
Abstract
Two field trials were carried out in Nubaryia region, El Beheira
Governorate, Egypt throughout two successive seasons of 2012/2013 and
2013/2014 to examine the response of five multigerm varieties of sugar
beet (Beta vulgaris, sacchrifera L.) as affected by agricultural sulphur
(100 kg/fed.), and nematicide, furan (carbofuran10% G) at 13 kg/fed on
root knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita under naturally infected with
it. A split-split plots design was used, where sulphur treatments in main
plots, the nematicide, in the sub-plots, and sugar beet varieties were sown
in the sub-sub- plots. Results obtained cleared that number of galls/ plant
significantly affected by sulphur treatments, this finding was true in both
growing seasons at the two studied age i.e. 3-momth or 6- month.
Application of 100 kg sulphur reduced the values of galls from 15.6 to 9.0
in the 1st age corresponding 38 to 25 in the 2nd age. The percent of
reduction amounted by 73.33% and 52.0% at age 3 and 6 months
respectively. Once more, the differences between sulphur treatments did
not reach the level of significant in respect to their effect on galls number
in the 2nd seasons of both ages. Concerning carbofuran (C) influence, the
results showed that the used nematicide compound significantly reduced
the percent values of gall’s number, the amount of reduction reached to
140 and 152 % in the 1st and 2nd seasons at age of 3- month corresponding
172 and 226.4 % in 6- month age in the 1st and 2nd season respectively.
This result may be indicating to the high specificity against nematode.
Regarding the different combination between the studied factors, it could
be noted that the 1st and 2nd order interaction were significantly effected on
the values of gall’s number/ root in both seasons whether at 3-momth or 6-
month ages. Once more by the end of growing season (six months), the
values of egg masses significantly affected by the individual studied
factors. Application of 100 kg sulphur significantly reduced the values of
eggmasses/root. As for, the influence of carbofuran nematicide on egg
masses, the available data appeared highly response to carbofuran in
respect to its effect on egg masses in the two growing seasons, using
carbofuran et a reduction in this trait amounted by 113.33 and 137.5% in
the 1st and 2nd seasons respectively. Belong to varietal difference in respect
to egg masses, the collected results showed sugar beet variety Glorise
recorded the lowest value of this trait in both seasons. This finding may be
assured the gen make up role in its influence on varieties with respect to their resistance against nematode infection. The most effect interaction was
that between sugar beet varieties and each of sulphar treatment and
nematicide. Sugar beet root fresh weight, root diameter and sugar yield/fed
increased significantly at the studied rates of nematicide and sulphur in the
1st and 2nd seasons. Root yield had the same trend in the 2nd season only.
Sucrose% and sugar extractable% significantly increased at the rates of
nematicide and sulphur treatments in both seasons, respectively. Glorise
variety cleared the significant superiority over all the other tested ones in
sucrose%, without significant variance with lilly variety. The interaction
between the used rates of sulphur and carbofuran nematicide had the same
effect on root diameter in both seasons. Sulphur treatment at developed
root quality and reduced the impurity of juice of sugar beet and increased
root growth as well as carbofuran nematicide did. Alpha amino nitrogen in
sugar beet roots was significantly influenced by sulphur and carbofuran
nematicide interaction in both seasons. Potassium, sucrose and extractable
sugar percentages and percentage extractability of root juice were
significantly recorded impacts by the interaction between varieties and
sulphur levels in both seasons.
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