WHEAT PRODUCTIVITY AS AFFECTED BY VARIETIES, NITROGEN, ORGANIC AND BIO-FERTILIZERS UNDER NEW RECLAIMED SOIL CONDITION.

Document Type : Research articles.

Authors

Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, El -Fayoum, Egypt

Abstract

Two field experiments were carried out in the Experimental
Farm , of the Faculty of Agriculture , Fayoum University on Sandy
Loam soil during 2011 / 2012 and 2012 / 2013 seasons to study the
effects of two organic manure levels i.e. (15 and 30 m3 / fed.), biofertilizer (Azotobacter who was inoculation the seeds) and three levels
of nitrogen fertilizer .[100% (75 kg N / fed. ) & 50 % (37.5 kg N / fed.)
and 25 % (18.75 kg N / fed.) ] of Urea ( 46 % N) and their combinations
on productivity of two wheat cultivars i.e. (Sakha 93 (V1) &Sakha 94
(v2)).The treatments were set in Randomized Complete Block Design
(RCBD) in factorial arrangement with three replications .
Significant effect for wheat varieties were obtained on plant height
(cm) , in the 1st season and on total protein percentage in both seasons
but was insignificantly on other traits .The superiority was for Sakha 94
in most characters .
Fertilizer treatments was significantly effect on all traits in both
season except plant height , number of spike / plant ,1000-grain weight
in second season and harvest index% in first season .F3 ( 30 m 3 / fed.
organic manure + bio – fertilizer + 50 % ( 37.5 kg N / fed.) treatment
gave the highest values followed by F4 (30 m 3 / fed. organic manure +
bio – fertilizer + 25 % (18.75 kg N / fed.)) or F5 (30 m3 / fed. organic
manure + 50 % (37.5 kg N / fed.)) treatments .
Interaction between varieties and fertilizer treatments was
significantly effect on number of spike / plant and weight of grains /
spike in both seasons and on grain yield (ton / fed.) and total protein
(%) in 1st and number of grains / spike in second season only but was
insignificantly on plant height (cm) , 1000-grain weight, and harvest
index (%) in both seasons .
Results of stepwise regression revealed that both the harvest
index, 1000 grains weight, number of grains/ spike and plant height were
causes high grains yield genotypes in wheat programs.
By using organic fertilizer and / or bio-fertilizer with half dose of
mineral fertilizer it could be increased in plant growth and yield .
Besides, using bio-fertilizers that contain different microbial strains had
led to decrease in the use of chemical fertilizers and had provided height
products free of harmful agrochemicals for human safety.

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