Document Type : Research articles.
Authors
1
Soils, Water and Environment Research Institute, A.R.C., Giza, Egypt.
2
Agronomy Dept., Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Egypt.
Abstract
Field experiment was carried out at Dar El-Ramad farm, Faculty of
Agriculture, Fayoum University, Egypt during 2015/2016 and 2016/2017
seasons. The trials aiming at investigating the effects of ridge width as
planting in wide ridges 120 cm (beds), 60 cm ridges and flat planting
(basins) and irrigation scheduling regimes, based on 1.0, 0.8 and 0.6
coefficients of Cumulative Pan Evaporation (C.P.E.) records on yield, yield
components and some crop - water relations of wheat variety, Giza 168. A
split plot design with four replications was used in both seasons. The
obtained results showed that planting in 120 cm ridges (beds) and irrigation
at 1.0 C.P.E., gave the highest averages of spike number m-2, grains spike-1,
1000-grain weight, straw yield (7411 and 7289 kg ha-1), and grain yield
(6761 and 6581 kg ha-1) in the two successive seasons, respectively. The
lowest averages of yield and its components were obtained from flat
planting (basins) and irrigation at 0.6 C.P.E., in both seasons. Seasonal
consumptive use (ETC) averages were 42.48 and 41.14 cm in 1st and 2nd
seasons, respectively. The highest ETC values were recorded with the
interaction (R3I1), whereas, the lowest values resulted from the interaction
(R1I3). Daily ETC rates were low during November and December, then
increased during January and February, to reach its maximum values during
March and then declined again till harvesting at April. The crop coefficient
(KC) values (averages of the two seasons) were 0.47, 0.55, 0.65, 0.73, 0.93
and 0.51 for, Nov., Dec., Jan., Feb., Mar. and Apr., respectively. The
highest water use efficiency, i.e., 1.61 and 1.62 kg grains m-3 water
consumed were obtained from (R1I1) treatments in first and second seasons,
respectively.
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